The Department of Energy’s latest Critical Materials Assessment report has highlighted six critical materials in the short term, and 12 critical materials in the medium term.
Short-term includes: cobalt, dysprosium, gallium, natural graphite, iridium, and neodymium
Long-term includes: lithium, nickel, cobalt, dysprosium, gallium, natural graphite, iridium, neodymium, magnesium, platinum, silicon carbide, praeseodymium

“Market dynamics along the entire supply chain for energy technologies will play a large role in changes to assessed criticality”
US Dept of Energy, Critical Materials Assessment 2023
For further reading on why demand is soaring and how the US plans to secure supplies of critical minerals: